Women in the Workplace - 1627 Words

In recent years there has been a drastic increase in the number of women entering and participating in the labor force (Hepburn Simon, 2006). Since early history and the ancient civilization of man, women have played a secondary role, in which women were and still are viewed as less adequate than a man. A women’s traditional role in society is that of raising children, fulfilling duties around the house, and being the primary nurturer of the family. Many women in today’s society want and desire careers and a place in this Country. They want to stand on their own two feet, to become self sustaining individuals and to possess the feeling of independence and freedom. Issues that have and still plagued women in the workplace are many. Women†¦show more content†¦As stated previously, women have taken the role of housewife, mother, and nurturer throughout history. Women have long been stereotyped to stay at home and take care of the house and children. It has been t heir job to cook the meals, do the laundry, and manage the children’s life. Even today, motherhood is still considered to be the primary role for women. Women that do not take on this role are often viewed as selfish. In the past women that took on roles outside the home are stereotyped as self centered. Because women were thought of as homemakers, they often held jobs that were meaningless and not considered prestigious. Clearly, circumstances of family life have changed in the modern era. Large populations of women have and will continue to join the workplace. Although this period of change has helped shape the role of women today, women in corporate America are still oppressed. Even in today’s society, women are not treated the same as men. One area that clearly shows this oppression is the area of equal pay for men and women. Since the equal pay act of 1963 equal pay has been the law. Even though it has been 40 years since the enactment of this law, women are still paid less than men, even when women have the same education, skills, and experience as a man according to the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations. In fact, women are paid 77 cents for every dollar a man earns (AFL-CIO). These figures are even moreShow MoreRelatedThe Women Of The Workplace Essay1239 Words   |  5 Pageswrite about women in the workplace. The concept of women being an issue in the workplace may seem like a strange topic to discuss; however, there are many levels to this subject. In this paper, I will discuss rivalry in the workplace (both male vs. female and female vs. female), financial implications for companies that hire women, and finally the major issue of earnings inequality in the workplace for women. In the 1820’s women began being hired by companies because they could pay women less. TheyRead MoreWomen Inequality in the workplace1189 Words   |  5 Pagesinto the issue of women inequality in the workplace. This essay will explain the reason behind women equality in society and some of the disadvantages that women face in the workplace. Also, you will learn about the term â€Å"gender gap† which refers to the distribution of wages between men and women. It shows the difference in the pay between both genders in many career fields. Jobs and roles that women balance on a day to day basis so therefore I say, women are not the weakerRead MoreWomen in The Workplace Essay1038 Words   |  5 PagesWomen in The Workplace Initially, the first women entering the workplace did so out of desire. In a post feminist, post-civil right era and spurred on by higher levels of education. Women saw jobs and careers as rights that had previously been denied to them. Women were tired of just being Big Johns Wife or Little Johnnys mommy. They wanted to be known the way men have always identified themselves by their jobs, their careers, and the level of success to which they had risen. StatusRead MoreEssay on Women in the Workplace2050 Words   |  9 Pages The quot;glass ceilingquot; has held women back from certain positions and opportunities in the workplace. Women are stereotyped as part-time, lower-grade workers with limited opportunities for training and advancement because of this quot;glass ceilingquot;. How have women managed their careers when confronted by this glass ceiling? It has been difficult; American women have struggled for their role in society since 1848. Women’s roles have changed significantly throughout the past centuriesRead MoreGender and Women in the Workplace2290 Words   |  10 PagesContents Gender diversity: Gender diversity and women in the workplace 1 Introduction 1 Literature Review 2 Gender diversity in a workplace 2 Women in the workplace 3 Conclusion 8 References 9 Gender diversity: Gender diversity and women in the workplace Introduction Gender diversity was not taken into consideration and most companies have very little knowledge on how to take advantage of it. Despite the effort to increase diversity of workforce over recentRead MoreEssay On Women In The Workplace771 Words   |  4 PagesWomen In The Workplace: Why You Must Make A Decision Already! While clearing out a box in my garage recently, I came across the resume of a memorable job applicant. During my tenure as an HR executive, I received hundreds of resumes a week and that was during a robust employment period. Whenever I posted an available position, the floodgates would open. This resume was submitted in response to a posting that I was extremely dedicated to, as it was for a position reporting directly to me. While IRead MoreEssay Women in the Workplace2420 Words   |  10 PagesExecutive Summary Women across the globe are shattering glass ceilings one at a time, and it is time the world takes note of it. Chief executives express their commitment to the advancing equality between men and women by actions such as advancing women in the workplace. Areas of such empowerment include: market and community progress through the use of sex, disaggregated data, and other benchmarks (Chakabarti). Times are changing in the makeup of the workforce today. Females are quickly becomingRead More Women in the Workplace Essays2445 Words   |  10 Pagesmany cultures throughout the world women are patronized and viewed as the weaker sex. Women are commonly perceived as being unfit for any forms of higher education and because of societal pressure and expectations retreat to a life of raising children and cooking meals for their husbands. Our society’s stereotypical views about women’s suffrage, educational expectations and athletic abilities have all advanced over the year s. In many aspects of our society, women are now expected to compete withRead MoreThe Inequality Of The Workplace Towards Women845 Words   |  4 Pageslegally accommodate pregnant female workers for minor requests. It has been thought that women make 77 cents to every man’s dollar but, that’s a myth. Because, if you would adjust for vacation time and, the profession of choice. Statistics show that females make 91 cents to every man’s dollar. This is why this research essay will give you further details to why there’s inequality in the workplace towards women. Gender roles have many occupations meaning they are related with masculine or feminineRead MoreImproving Workplace Opportunities For Women1590 Words   |  7 PagesA century ago women were excluded from the opportunities which men enjoyed. Today, many countries including Canada have progressed significantly by creating anti-discrimination laws that have performed a critical role in expand ing workplace opportunities for women. However, these laws failed to guarantee workplace equality since female workers still face discrimination through significant pay gaps for similar job duties, lack of representation in boards and high paying positions, and also face sexual

Grief is Not Depression Essay - 687 Words

Depression Feeling grieve over difficult life decisions such as illness, death, divorce, or job lost are often mistakenly seen as depression. Grieving is normal as long as it does not last a significant amount of time or interferes with one’s daily activities (Association). Depression causes people to experience lack of interest and pleasure in daily activities, significant weight loss or gain, insomnia or excessive sleeping, lack of energy, inability to concentrate, feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt and recurrent thoughts of death or suicide. Depression is a medical illness that involves the brain. More than 20 million people in the United States alone struggle with depression (Health). Depression is most common in women and†¦show more content†¦The physical symptoms of depression are digestive problems, headaches, chest pains, dizziness, insomnia or sleeping too much, and significant weight change (VisualMD). That being said depression affects the entire body and the sensory input. The person depressed is numb to many things. Foods are not appetizing. This person only does what is essential sort of like â€Å"going with the flow.† Having a support system is essential for a recovery from depression. A person with depression tends to shut others from their lives. Depression interferes with daily life and can cause pain for both you and those around you. The first step to recovering is to talk to a friend or see a doctor or mental health specialist. The doctor can prescribe antidepressants or tell you to see a therapist. The doctor asks a variety of questions. These questions include when depression symptoms first started, how long has there been a pattern of depression, and family history of depression (VisualMD). Depression is a very treatable disease, even in severe cases. There are two major forms of treatment, psychotherapy and pharmacologic therapy. For some people psychotherapy is all that is needed to recover from depression. Psychotherapy has been proven to cause changes in brain function just as the changes that pharmacologic therapy does. In some cases this form of therapy is more affective then medications. However psychotherapy along with exercise and medications can be very effective as well.Show MoreRelatedMy Perceptions About And Prior Experience With Depression, Grief And Suicide944 Words   |  4 Pagesabout and prior experience with depression, grief and suicide been challenged by the information presented? During my nursing career, I have worked in many high stress areas (ex; labor and delivery, where not every outcome is great, medical surgical unit, where a lot of people would get diagnosed with pancreatic cancer, and neurosurgical unit, where I took care of many young individuals affected by glioblasoma multiforme) where my patients were depressed (acute depression) due to their diagnosis andRead MoreCriteria for Diagnosing Major Depression Disorder1303 Words   |  5 PagesLosing a loved one is often a very sad experience. For humans it is natural to mourn the loss of a loved one. Although everyone suffers differently, grief is a universal experience. For most people grief resolves naturally, but some people can face symptoms similar to that of major depression. Although the typical grief period carries on for about two to six months, people can now be diagnosed with major depressive disorder within weeks of experiencing symptoms. Even well-known psychologists suchRead MoreThe Sta ges Of Grief Have Been A Topic Of Debate In Grief1553 Words   |  7 PagesThe stages of grief have been a topic of debate in grief counseling since their introduction in 1969 by Elisabeth Kubler-Ross, in her book â€Å"On Death and Dying†. These stages of grief can be loosely described as a cycle of emotions that humans can expect to feel, resulting from some type of unexpected loss. Grief and loss is very normal process, and something most people will be forced to cope with at some point in their lives. However, to categorize each person’s feelings into an arbitrary setRead MoreEssay about Reaching Acceptance: the Five Stages of Grief1141 Words   |  5 Pagesfaced with grief, an individual must go through all of the five stages, whether it is for a brief or extended period of time in order to reach the final stage of acceptance. Denial is the first logical stage that one feels when trying to cope with trauma because it feels safe to trick oneself into thinking that the event did not actually occur. Anger follows when the individual realizes that the trauma did occur and there is nothing to make it better. Depression is the third stage in the grief processRead MoreGrief, Just Like Death, Is A Natural Process Of Life That1039 Words   |  5 Pages Grief, just like death, is a natural process of life that everyone goes through after losing someone, or something dear to them. Everyone’s grief is unique. It might manifest itself in someone by having intense emotions, such as: sadness, and loneliness, as well as having physical symptoms such as: depression, anxiety, mood swings and much more. With all things considered, it is widely accepted that grief does occur commonly in 5 stages. According to Web M.D., the first stage that commonly tendsRead MoreAnalysis Of I Miss You Already Essay1540 Words   |  7 PagesGrief is a normal and natural response to a loss, whether it is the loss of life, home, job, friendship or item. Though we often expect to grieve the death of a family member or friend, these other significant losses can also cause grief. This paper will address the loss, grief, and mourning of characters portrayed in the film â€Å"I miss you already†. The author will discuss how Worden’s four tasks of grief are experienced by these characters and how the mourning process unfolds. Noticeable is anticipatoryRead MoreEssay on Grief and Mourning1283 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Grief and Mourning Grand Canyon University: PCN 605 December 17, 2013 Grief and Mourning Schizophrenia is one of the most debilitating psychotic disorders that can tend to cause distortions in perceptions, hallucinations, delusions, and other strange behavior in 1% of the population in the United States (Picchioni Murray, 2007). Receiving a diagnosis of schizophrenia can be life altering and hard to grasp. A myriad of emotions come into play for bothRead MoreHealthy Grief Essay1051 Words   |  5 PagesHealthy Grief Grand Canyon University HLT-310V ` Job was a faithful follow of God who experienced tragedy as a result of Satan’s test of God. As a result of this test, Job moves through the stages of grief to complete his healing process. Kà ¼bler-Ross study of an individual’s grief led her to define and divide grief into five stages; denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance. This paper will examine the similarities joy and grief share. Lastly, how the author handles grief in theirRead MoreThe Brain Is Wider Than The Sky1416 Words   |  6 Pagesintricate thing. Depression is a seemingly complex state of mind that we as a people are trying to understand right now, and its roots could go deeper than we can even fathom today. This mental state, depression has affected countless people throughout time. To get to our central point, depression causes deterioration in relationships, especially romantic ones. To understand how to mend relationships and build ourselves up as a community, we need to begin a discussion about depression within romanticRead MoreThe Monster Of Living With Grief1686 Words   |  7 PagesAbby Wigand Mr. Mitchell Communication Art IV 30 September 2016 The Monster of Living with Grief As Keanu Reeves once said, â€Å"Grief changes shapes, but it never ends† (â€Å"Tragic†). When it comes to grief there are usually five shapes or stages that people go through: denial, anger, bargaining, depression and, finally, acceptance. The book A Monster Calls, by Patrick Ness, is about a young boy who is struggling with school, bullies, friends, and family when his mother develops a terminal illness. He

Censoring Young Adult Literature - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1476 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/05/29 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Censorship Essay To Kill a Mockingbird Essay Did you like this example? Raise your hand if you have never heard of the word ?rape, called out my sixth grade teacher as she introduced Harper Leers To Kill a Mockingbird. Luckily, my best friend briskly intercepted my eager, curious hand and adamantly shook her head. It was one of those moments that turns your cheeks warm and etches itself into your memory, taunting you for years to come. After sensing the look on my puzzled, rose-colored face, she reassured me while signaling that she would disclose the mystery term at a later time. Whether we would like to admit it to ourselves or not, the world today is filled with intolerance that is all too prevalent in forms of mass-shootings, sexual assaults, and hate speech that we are reminded of each time we tune into the news. I look back fondly on the days where my eyes were unscathed by the harsh realities of a world in which we turn a blind eye to those that look, think, speak, or worship differently than we do. Sadly, my twelve-year old self would have likely encountered the meaning of this once mystery word all too soon, regardless of whether or not my teacher had prompted the discussion in our classroom that day. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Censoring Young Adult Literature" essay for you Create order Novels such as To Kill a Mockingbird serve as windows from which readers can examine controversial topics and perspectives that may differ from their own personal experiences (Denzin, p. 8). Yet, these works are frequently included on the laundry list of books that are banned from classrooms across the country in hopes of censoring the information that our young adults are consuming. Although those who contend books in the classroom are not necessarily ill-intentioned, it prompts us to examine how this reveals a host of questions regarding who holds power over our classrooms and whether filtering knowledge is a productive and beneficial process for our students. A Look at Targeted Books The American Library Association (ALA) defines censorship as the attempt to restrict a personrs right to read, view, listen to, and disseminate constitutionally protected ideas (ALA, 2012). The ALA sponsors banned book week annually, in order to unite the literary community against censorship by celebrating and embracing books that cross boundaries. As Americans, we boast a land of freedom and opportunity, however, when engaging in the process of selectively choosing material which students are permitted access to, we are actively violating our own First Amendment rights (Raskin, p. 64). Most often, the books are removed from classrooms and libraries due to profane word(s), a particular lifestyle, or a concept that may be deemed as offensive to certain parties or groups of people (Boyd et. al, p. 656). In response to his novel, Looking for Alaskars appearance on the banned book list, John Green unpacks the misconception that books corrupt people and encourages readers to open books with a lens of accepting a challenge (Hauser, 2017). Greenrs novel has been added to the list time and time again labeled with so-called pornographic content. In response, the author makes the point that books, including his own, are often targeted based off of one page that is taken out of context of the piece as a whole. In this case, critics wag their finger at one particular scene which contains sexually explicit content in order to illustrate the point that it is not required in order to develop a strong, emotional partnership (Hauser, 2017). Ironically, people who dismiss this book immediately due to one isolated scene are denying the presence of a beneficial message to young adults that physical demonstrations of affection are not the sole form of human connection. The Adolescent Profile Parents and policy-makers often point to the impressionability and vulnerability which characterize the teenaged-years as they decipher which books contain content that merits elimination from the curriculum (Freedman et. al., p 357). When considering the adolescent profile, it is important to remember that they are in the thick of self-discovery, navigating daily situations that prompt them to question identity, spirituality, and a host of values that make us who we are. Although most would express an interest for students to learn about thought-provoking topics in the nurturing environment of the class walls, 52 percent of the most-often banned or challenged books from 2000 to 2014 either addressed issues of race, sexuality, or disability, or included characters who are non-White, LGBTQ, or have disabilities (Flannery, 2015). While teachers have a great deal of control over students during the school hours, it is not possible to censor or protect what they will encounter beyond the school building. If the majority of texts that portray diversity are being excluded from the libraries, it is clear that many of our adolescents will not have held discussions in a constructive environment that open their eyes to situations, people, and ideas that are prevalent all around us. In a stage of life which is consistently recognized as a time of exploration, it is critical that we are providing insights into experiences which they are bound to encounter, so that students are given the opportunity to develop thoughts, opinions, and value-systems. The Implications of Censorship Literature serves as a key into a new world which contains stories and experiences that both reflect our own and also ones that take us on the road less-traveled. Arguably, the most important part of being an educator is teaching students to be critical, passionate consumers of content, whether it be through social media platforms, digital content, or print information (Freedman et. al. p. 365) Yet, by dictating a prescriptive curriculum, this is sending a message that undermines teacher professionalism and inhibits their abilities to teach students who they know on a personal basis. When teachers arent free to offer ?controversial materials to supplement the content the state has endorsed without fear of repercussions, students experience a diminished range of ideas One reason for exposing students to material some people regard as controversial is to stimulate a cornucopia of images and arguments. Another is to let students practice the art of forming their own opinions. As one judge observed about controversial books, the reactions they elicit are ?what makes them worth reading (Ross, p.113). In order to help our students develop voice, assert opinions, and critically analyze issues of social justice, it is imperative that the teacher is permitted to appropriately share content that students are excited to read (Denzin, p. 10). The topics that peak student interest, along with realistically any reader, is content that contains conflict and takes us along the journey of how the characters in the story go about responding to the action in the story. What Censorship Reveals Indeed, our classrooms serve as a microcosm of the beliefs and values of our Nation, as the standards are controlled by state government (Lent, p. 63). By excluding novels such as The Outsiders, The Hunger Games, Lord of the Flies, Perks of Being a Wallflower, and so on, we are sending a message to students that reveals that we are uncomfortable to engage in discussions that make us uncomfortable, including themes such as racism, gender-identity, religion, among others. In order to cultivate classrooms that embrace diversity and freedom of expression, maintaining transparency with our students is critical (Sulzer et. al., p. 164). The books included on the American Library Association website each year do not as much indicate our yearning to lookout for our students, but rather , they demonstrate how we internalize our very own insecurities and prejudices (ALA, 2012). It is important to recognize the topics that cause some discomfort or controversy, while simultaneously presenting the content to students in an unbiased, appropriate manner. By letting go of the desire to remove books off of our students shelves, we may cultivate groups of students that are increasingly aware and tolerant of those who hold different views and life experiences. When teachers present novels containing themes dubbed as taboo, they are doing no more than revealing the times that we live in and extending an invitation to students to become inquisitive, active readers that critically examine alternative perspectives and ideas (Hauser, 2017). In a commentary on censorship, Boyd and Bailey draw a connection between censored material and a barbed wire fence. When protecting students in an unsolicited manner, we illuminate how censors evoke barriers to free thought and speech when they block knowledge acquisition, intellectual development, as well as creative and critical thinking by calling for books to be removed from libraries, classrooms, schools, and districts (Boyd et. al., p. 655). I feel fortunate to have gained exposure to particularly difficult topics within the nurturing walls of the classroom prior to inevitably stumbling upon situations in the harsh realities of the world. As we assist in shaping the next generation, it is imperative that we assure that they are equipped with the knowledge, tools, and skills that enable them to critically evaluate contentious content in order to take action against issues regarding social justice.

Analysis of Third Person Narratives of Two Novels

Ask any author what the most important aspect of their work is (whether that be fiction or not) and they will all probably say the same four things: plot, setting, characters, and narration. This is also true for the three novels we have studied thus far in class: Vathek, The Castle of Otranto, and The Mysteries of Udolpho. The dark ‘gloomth’ setting, the larger-than-life characters, and the supernaturally centered plot lines all make these books Gothic novels, but how would one characterize the narrators? If there is anything that these three novels we have studied thus far have in common, it is that each of them have a third person narrator. Andrew Vachss, an American crime fiction author, once said that â€Å"The third person narrator,†¦show more content†¦3 ) Although, The Horse and His Boy is far from a Gothic novel, as it is actually a children’s novel, the similar introduction of the main characters strikes me as something that must be common amon g authors who use the Arabian setting for their works. This specific familial introduction of the particular character by the narrator suggests the nobility of the character and emphasizes that this is a character that we should know. While the opening descriptions of Vathek can be categorized as somewhat subjective, especially to the stereotypes of Arabia, The Castle of Otranto’s opening lines are objective. Walpole introduces the characters of the story as simply as possible. The narrator gives no bias to the characters, he just communicates facts such as that Matilda was a beautiful virgin and Conrad was sickly: Manfred, Prince of Otranto, had one son and one daughter; the latter, a most beautiful virgin, aged eighteen, was called Matilda. Conrad, the son, was three years younger, a homely youth, sickly, and of no promising disposition; yet he was the darling of his father, who never showed any symptoms of affection to Matilda (Walpole, 27). Unlike Vathek which conveys a message of dangerous magic right from the start, the narrator of The Castle of Otranto gives the reader a muchShow MoreRelatedThings Fall Apart, And The Heart Of Darkness1518 Words   |  7 Pageswill contain a critical analysis of two passages from Things Fall Apart, and the Heart of Darkness. I will compare and contrast the narrative structure, the language used and the themes explored. Through this critical analysis, we can gain a better understanding of the two extracts, each one helping to illuminate the other. The passages I will be analysing are: Things Fall Apart, Chinua Achebe, Page 124 Heart of Darkness, Joseph Conrad, Page 116-117 Narrative Structure Narrative Voice, Point of View:Read MoreComparative Analysis of Point of View of Joseph Andrews and Emma1145 Words   |  5 PagesComparative Analysis of Point of View of Joseph Andrews and Emma Point of view is the mode of narration that an author employs to let the readers â€Å"hear† and â€Å"see† what takes place in a story. In this essay, the point of view of Joseph Andrews by Henry Fielding and Emma by Jane Austen will be analyzed in comparison to one another. The comparison will be made on each aspect of the point of view, such as subjective/objective, partial/impartial narration and the perspectives through which the pointRead MoreAnalytical Essay on the Narrative Style of a Fine Balance by Rohinton Mistry1225 Words   |  5 PagesAnalytical Essay On The Narrative Style Of A Fine Balance By Rohinton Mistry A Fine Balance uses a straightforward third person omniscient narration. A style that has become suspects and largely outmoded in this postmodern period. The question is why did Mistry choose to write in such a mode? Now an analysis of the narrative style of a text will necessarily involve a close scrutiny of the intention of writing it. In the novel the text as such, basically the descriptive part other than the charactersRead MoreJazz Influence On Jazz1469 Words   |  6 PagesThe Influence of Jazz in Toni Morrison’s Novel Jazz â€Å"It is only in his music [ ... ] that the Negro in America has been able to tell his story.† James Baldwin. â€Å"Jazz has been a part of a proud African American tradition for over 100 years. A robust, rhythmic under-structure, blue notes, solos, â€Å"call-and response† patterns, and improvisation of melody all characterize jazz music.† In Jà ¼rgen Grandt’s analysis, he states that in order to use jazz to look at African American literature, the criticalRead MoreNarrative Techniques Used in Pride and Prejudice Essay1149 Words   |  5 PagesPrejudice, Jane Austen utilises various narrative techniques. These include dialogic qualities (showing) and the use of third person narrative including focalisation and free indirect speech (telling). Both showing and telling work on different levels to further the reader’s interpretation of different characters and give meaning to the novel as a whole. The use of dialogue allows the reader to engage in conversations between characters, thus adding drama to the novel and also giving an insight into theRead MoreAnalysis Of Dorothy Parker s One Perfect Rose1311 Words   |  6 Pages One Perfect Rose, is a short poem from Dorothy Parker’s first book of poetry Enough Rope (1926). Parker cohesively explores two major themes throughout the poem; frustration and disappointment. The two themes are conveyed in the narrative by the narrator who ultimately outlines a dissatisfaction with the cliched conventions of romance and courtship. The projection of these themes are outlined through three dominant modes of discourse which I will be engaging with throughout the literary commentary;Read More Essay on Flashbacks, Thrid Person Narration, and Harsh Language in Another Country848 Words   |  4 Pages Use of Flashbacks, Thrid Person Narration, and Harsh Language in Another Country James Baldwins novel, Another Country , is enhanced by Baldwins unique narrative style. The majority of the exposition of Another Country is presented through flashbacks. Baldwin uses the third person omniscient point of view to narrate his characters personal thoughts and develop the characters. Lastly, Baldwin intensifies the rage and anger through his uncommonly harsh diction. Quite often Baldwin overstepsRead MoreMrs. Dalloway, by Virginia Woolf1696 Words   |  7 PagesIn the novel Mrs. Dalloway, by Virginia Woolf, the author uses narrative techniques of stream of consciousness and interior monologue in order to depict the workings of an â€Å"ordinary† or normal mind in narrative form. She also rejects the conventional structure of ‘chapters’ in order to give an â€Å"ordinary† portrayal of the mind. This essay will firstly contextualise the extract for analysis, namely the opening scene in the novel. This will be followed by defining the narrative t echniques that is depictedRead MoreLouise Erdrich Tracks Analysis1142 Words   |  5 PagesErdrich Tracks The novel Tracks by Louise Erdrich starts from the historical moment when the exemption on the land taxes granted by Dawes Act had ended. The novel covers the period from 1912 to 1924. But a lot of scholarly attention has focused instead on the novel’s narrative structure, particularly on the dual narrators – Pauline and Nanapush. According to several critics, Louise Erdrich blends fiction and Native American cultural identity in her novel Tracks, which leads to troublesRead MoreAnalysis Of Orson Scott Card s The Great Pattern 1676 Words   |  7 Pagesthis a step further by conceptualising new worlds and constructing new narratives, taking inspiration from what is read in order to build their own plots. An exploration into what resonates with the contemporary writer is essential in determining whether the focus of aspiring writers should be imitating Fielding’s ‘writers of antiquity’, embracing the ‘great pattern’, or o n more recent works. For the purpose of this analysis I will be considering works written within the last twenty years ‘recent’

The Issue Of Gun Control - 1870 Words

The Second Amendment to the United States Constitution states: A well-regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed. (1) Gun control is not one issue, but many. To some people gun control is a crime issue, to others it is a rights issue. Gun control is a safety issue, an education issue, a racial issue, and a political issue, among others. Within each of these issues there are those who want more gun control legislation and those who want less. On both sides of this issue opinions range from moderate to extreme. Guns are not for everyone. Certain individuals cannot handle a firearm safely, and some individuals choose to use firearms†¦show more content†¦People should also be aware that most gun-related deaths are suicides, and not murders. There are twice as many suicides in the U.S. by guns as there are homicides. (4) A 1998 review found that suicide rates generally declined after gu n control laws were enacted, and concluded that The findings support gun control measures as a strategy for reducing suicide rates. (9) Every day in the U.S., an average of 289 people are shot. Eighty-six of them die: 30 are murdered, 53 kill themselves, two die accidentally, and one is shot in a police intervention, the Brady Campaign reports. (2) There are many negative elements to this problem and people are being killed everyday from guns, whether it’s caused by other people or people themselves. The American people want an answer to what to do next. People all over the U.S. are being affected by this problem. All the families that have lost someone in any of the mass shootings are being affected by this problem. Kids are being affected by this problem, 82 children under five years old died from firearms in 2010 compared with 58 law enforcement officers killed by firearms in the line of duty (sources: CDF, CDC, FBI). (4) More kids ages 0-19 died from firearms every three days in 2010 than died in the 2012 Newtown, Conn., massacre (source:CDF, CDC). (4) Nearly three times more kids (15,576) were injured by firearms in 2010 than the

Clinical Placement A Case Study

Questions: While on clinical placement a case study is to be conducted of an acutely ill patient whom the student is caring for at their placement venue. This patient could be in accident and emergency, intensive care, operating theatre or recovery room, or a patient on a medical or surgical ward who is post major surgery or has a complex medical condition. The condition may be a chronic illness that has caused an acute hospital admission. Note: The patient does NOT necessarily have to be critically ill or requiring a rapid response call. 1. Assessment findings and abnormalities are to be discussed in relation to the underlying pathophysiology of the causal disease process or processes Note: Pathophysiology means changes in physiological function related to disease; it does NOT relate only to blood test results. 2. From the assessment identify the three (3) highest priority nursing problems or potential problems relevant at the time of the assessment and your nursing goal/goals for each, includ ing set measureable outcome criteria. 3. Discuss a plan of nursing care for the patient at the time you are caring for them that addresses the identified nursing problems. The planned nursing interventions should be detailed and supported by rationales and reference to nursing research and best practice literature. They may include nursing management of ordered medical therapies, such as medication and fluid management. 4. The patients outcome should be evaluated in relation to the set nursing goals. This evaluation should be a realistic discussion of the patients progress towards the set goals during the time that you were involved in the patients care. Answers: 1. Condition of patient comprise of three main complaints, which are (Combes, 2012): Increase breathing work Chest tightness and congestion Feeling inadequate air supply, that not getting adequate oxygen The condition mainly links with the impaired venous return and endothelial dysfunction. The respiratory system fails in performing either efficient gas exchange, with (i) oxygenation of mixed venous blood or (ii) elimination of carbon dioxide. In other words, the condition refers to lowering of pO2 or increase of pCO2 in comparison to barometric pressure. The pathophysiology hence associated with any of the following region (Markou, Myrianthefs Baltopoulos, 2004): Lowering fraction of inspired oxygen Hypoventilation Mismatch in ventilation-perfusion, which results in a change of respiratory pattern Problem with respect to shunt functioning Impairment of diffusion Desaturation condition for mixed venous return The result of these altered physiological functioning reflects in, obstructive diseases such as emphysema or bronchiectasis. Likewise, interstitial lung diseases are also concerned in such cases. Diminishing of cardiac output also contributes to making the lung perfusion poor with acute pulmonary emboli. It is also important to note that often acute pulmonary hypertension with less perfusion of non-gravity dependent lung is linked to the pathophysiology (Force, 2012). Impaired diffusion links with the impairment of partial tension between alveolus and erythrocytes. In a normal patient, this is achieved with respect to the transaction of red blood cells to one-third of the length of the capillary. Hence the equilibration with respect to CO2 will be rapider, and thus the diffusion across the capillary membrane becomes 20 times faster with for the O2. Reduction of permeability of gas or thickening of alveolar-capillary is also linked in such cases. These conditions are often referred to as Alveolar- capillary block. Limitation of diffusion often offers inefficiency in gas-exchange and that the oxygen desaturation becomes common (Sun, Wei Liu, 2015). Low cardiac output in such condition also contributes to desaturation of mixed blood, where concentration of hemoglobin becomes less. On the contrary, the oxygen consumption by the peripheral tissues also increases. pO2 remains unaffected in this condition, only if there is access to ventilated alveoli and oxygenation of the mixed venous blood. In the present case, the patient has abnormal V-Q or shunt functioning. Hence, the deterioration of gas exchange becomes common and reflects in terms of venous desaturation with respect to pO2. 2. The first challenge is to rectify the condition of respiratory failure. Increase of work for breathing is the main requirement for this condition in COPD. The increase in breathing work is a reflection of increased airway obstruction and resistive load. Natural exacerbation with increase in breath shortness, and the presence of sputum production is common in such scenario. The management of such condition can be rectified with respect to use of inhalation of corticosteroids, 2 agonist (Lim, 2012). Another problem is infection in the patient since there is fever in the patient, thus infection chances are more, that can further lead to impairment in lung functioning. Such complication can be managed with optimum use of antibiotics, which will combat the fever condition. Apart from that, antibiotics are also helpful in controlling the sputum production and preventing various kind of disability. Impairment in circulation is also one of the challenges to nurses, for health restoration and care management. The mainstream symptom associated with this is acute pulmonary edema. Management is possible with supplementation of oxygen and non-invasive ventilation (Sun, Wei Liu, 2015). 3. Clinical manifestation of the patient with presented symptoms and complications, largely dependent on the underlying pathophysiology and its associated consequences. The condition of the patient demonstrates labored respiration which also includes tachypnea, tachycardia, and tremulousness. Speech, in this case, will also be broken into two to three-word sentences. The immediate requirement for patient care is intubation and positive pressure ventilation. The impedance in cardiopulmonary arrest demands for an immediate intervention for which delay may cause serious deterioration condition. The clinical assessment of the patient condition requires following evaluation (Lim, 2012; Force, 2012; Sun, Wei Liu, 2015): Mental status is it important to communicate with the family member (husband of the patient in this case) and identify all the information prior to admission in an emergency department. Furthermore, drowsiness, fatigue and faintness of patient should be identified for immediate measures. Frequency of respiration and heart rate tachypnea and tachycardia are the measures of severity in the present case. Other terminal events linked with the situation are fall in respiratory rate and gasping, which in other words also refers to respiratory arrest. Intervention in this regard is thus important for identification of crucial care requirements. The sign of respiratory load can be assessed with respect to respiratory alterations. In such situation, the respiratory movement aligns with abdominal movement for few breaths. Afterward, the respiratory movement functions mainly in the series with the rib cage movements. Collectively, such respiratory movement is indicative of the increase in respiratory pattern. Pattern of respiration shallowness in respiratory effect, which is often rapid in nature, retraction of sternal physiology and important to check. Also, use of accessory muscles in respiration and Hoover sign are crucial indicative to check in the present case. Movement of the diaphragm, which in clinical terms refers to as thoracoabdominal paradoxical movement is necessary to consider for assessment. Typically the diaphragm should move to cranial direction where the movement of the abdomen should be inward with the inspiration. Such movement is the marking that reflect proper functioning of the diaphragm with respect to the fatiguing load. Inspection of skin, lips, nail beds, and tongue are important. Also, the assessment of the cyanosis condition is crucial in the present case. Cardiovascular assessment also constitutes an important counterpart. Since tachycardia also accompanies the shortening of respiration, thus checking the pulmonary auscultation is important. Other case, if the also worthy to discuss with other health care professionals and go for assessment of cardiac auscultation. Sign for cor pulmonale should be identified, in this case. These include peripheral edema checking, dilated jugular veins, hepato-jugular sign, and other similar conditions. Often these conditions are linked with several disease specific clues, which are possible to explore with the help of physical examination. The assessment for disease-specific trait should include examination for neuromuscular disorder, muscular atrophy and patient ability to breathe deeply. Often the condition of COPD is linked with hyper-expansion of thorax, deep and prolonged expiration in conjunction with pursed lip condition, wheezing, and energetic expiration which is protracted in nature. Along with the illustrated assessment goals, it is also necessary for nurses to refer to the therapeutic target in order to improve patient condition. These include the following considerations (Combes, Brchot, Luyt Schmidt, 2012): Contribution towards the precipitation factor is important. It also includes the reversion of the underlying pathological condition. These includes measures for increasing the elastic load and resistive load. Oxygen therapy is essential to control the arterial hypoxemia. The said measure is also effective in terms of controlling the life-threatening condition of stressful breathing. Antibiotics and corticosteroid should be administered. The condition of the patient also includes a fever, agitation, vigorous shortening of breath, and marked reduction in oxygen consumption. Hence, these medication measurements are effective to control such situation. Optimization of oxygen transport is important. Such measure can be made effective using intervention related to improvement in cardiac output or transfusion of red blood cells. Immediate target for relieving the complicated conditions in the patient include certain measure, which should be brought into care by nurse. Evidence-based nursing approach is effective in such condition, where precise measures should be adopted with through discussion. The immediate target includes: Bronchodilation Control of mucus secretion and any probable infection Chest wall stabilization is necessary. It will also reduce the burden of forced respiration and corresponding stress O2 therapy is essential, in this case, which require critical control to meet the oxygen demand of the physiological system. Avoiding the drugs, which depress breathing or respiratory functioning. It is important to note that often drugs cause reversal of their effect after the t1/2, which should be monitored by a nurse upon drug administration. 4. Nurse should monitor the criteria for the tolerance to the present condition of patient. More importantly, the below-mentioned points are also reflective of the condition for improvement in patient condition, with respect to the intervention and medication approach (Goodacre, 2014). Oxygenation rate should be near to the acceptable limit, which include saturated pressure of oxygen as sO2 90 %, with partial pressure pO2as 60 mmHg. Acceptable level of ventilation include the criteria such as an increase in partial pressure of CO2 with a level of pCO2 10 mmHg and that the systemic pH should decrease with a value of 0.10. Respiratory rate should be in a range of 35 breaths per minute (rate). Heart rate should be in a range of 140 beats per min with an increase of 20 % compared to baseline heart rate. Systolic blood pressure should be in a range of 80 90 mmHg and 160 180 mmHg. Notably, the change should be reflective of an increase of 20 % compared to baseline systolic blood pressure. The respiratory rate or tidal volume in respiration should be 100 breaths per min. The effectiveness of the treatment and care management approach is indicative of no signs of elevated breathing or forceful respiration. These are also indicative of no thoracoabdominal paradox and no use of accessory muscle in respiration. Other than this, there should be no sign of distress including absence of diaphoresis and agitation. References: Combes, A., Brchot, N., Luyt, C. E., Schmidt, M. (2012). What is the niche for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in severe acute respiratory distress syndrome? Current opinion in critical care, 18(5), 527-532. Force, A. D. T. (2012). Acute respiratory distress syndrome. Jama, 307(23), 2526-2533. Goodacre, S., Stevens, J. W., Pandor, A., Poku, E., Ren, S., Cantrell, A., ... Plaisance, P. (2014). Prehospital Noninvasive Ventilation for Acute Respiratory Failure: Systematic Review, Network Metaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ analysis, and Individual Patient Data Metaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ analysis. Academic Emergency Medicine, 21(9), 960-970. Lim, W. J., Mohammed Akram, R., Carson, K. V., Mysore, S., Labiszewski, N. A., Wedzicha, J. A., ... Smith, B. J. (2012). Nonà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ invasive positive pressure ventilation for treatment of respiratory failure due to severe acute exacerbations of asthma. The Cochrane Library. Retrieved from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD004360.pub4/full Markou, N. K., Myrianthefs, P. M., Baltopoulos, G. J. (2004). Respiratory failure: an overview. Critical care nursing quarterly, 27(4), 353-379. Sun, Y. Q., Wei, Q., Liu, Z. (2015). Efficacy of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in the Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Combined With Respiratory Failure. American journal of therapeutics. Retrieved from https://europepmc.org/abstract/med/25768378

Human Beings In Asiana Flight Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Human Beings In Asiana Flight. Answer: SHELL model The liveware that is present within the model is the connection between the human beings and the controls that are present within the flight. It consists of the crews that are present in the flight along with the engineers and the maintenance personnel. It also includes the administrative andmanagement people who help the operations of the flight in a controlled manner (Henriksen, Ponte 2017). Liveware is used for the interaction of the people with the others within the aviation industry, which helps in the development of leadership, teamwork and cooperation. It helps in themanagement of the resources that are present within the crew personnel along with themanagement of the resources that are present in the teams. It helps in the operation of the software so that the things can be done in an organized manner and the operation can be effective in nature. It helps in the development of the areas, which needs to be designed and the equipments can be protected (Davies Delaney 2017). Situational awareness It can be defined as the perception of the factors that are present in the environment within a particular space and time, which helps in projecting the status in the foreseeable future. It is therefore, the critical factors in the environment, which can be perceived in a better manner along with understanding the factors when they are integrated with the goals of the aviation crew. It helps the pilots to function in an effective and timely manner. The pilots need to use the sensory organs so that it can help them in building a better environment, which will help in the process of taking care of the flight, which will help in preventing any kind of dangerous situations (Jensen, 2017). The pilots of the Asiana Flight 214 had to comprehend the elements that would be of some help during the flight of the plane, which could have saved the plane from crashing. The pilots had to have a fair understanding of the surroundings of the controls by communicating in an effective manner with the c ontrol room so that the panic that led to the crash could have been avoided on a priority basis. The requirements of situational awareness within the aviation industry are based on three factors such as identification of the things that the aircrew needs to have a perception, understanding those perceptions and projecting it in the real-world environment. The situational awareness needs to be determined with the different classes of aircrafts and the missions that those aircrafts have. The Asiana Flight 214 was a commercial flight plane, which used to ferry the passengers between Seoul in Korea to California in the United States of America. The pilots had enough experience in number of flight hours and knowledge about flying the aircraft, which should have helped them in creating a better environment. The pilots has to communicate in a proper manner with the control rooms so that it would have guided them in flying the airplane in an appropriate manner by combining and interpreting the information that were being sent to them through the control rooms (Flin Maran, 2015). They h ad to analyze the situation in a better manner by availing the options that were present to them instead of losing out the communication between them and the control room. With the help of proper communication between the two pilots and the control centres, the risk of crashing the plane could have been averted. The pilots had to pay attention to the minute details that were being communicated to them by the air traffic control rooms so that the wide range of information that were being passed during the flight could have helped them in avoiding the risky situation (Archer, 2015). The factors that will influence the situational awareness among the aviation crew members are factor of attention of the aircrew that is new in the organization. The Asiana flight crew members had lot of experience in the flight hours but they lacked the method of perceiving and processing the external environment, which led to slow responses when the flight was on air, which led to the accident (Hughes et al., 2014). The third level of situational awareness would have helped the pilots play an important role during the process of decision making, which would have been based on their understanding about the present situation by gathering the information in a better manner so that the decision could have been taken in an accurate manner (Schwartz Hobbs, 2014). Information processing The information that comes from different sources to the aviation crew members needs to be assessed in a proper manner so that the decision that is made after processing the information can be effective in nature (Prince, Price Salas, 2017). The capability to process the information differs among various persons, which are based on health, age, stress along with the level of experience that the pilots have in working in various culture. The capabilities of processing the information help in delegating and designing the tasks so that the requirements can be assigned to the employees in accordance to their capabilities. The case for the pilots who were in charge of the Asiana flight failed to understand the information that was being sent to them. They even mishandled the information, which resulted in the loss of lives of the normal passengers. The pilots did not react in an appropriate manner, which led to the crash of the plane (Schwartz Hobbs, 2014). Situational awareness is linked with processing of the information, as the pilots need to be on all their senses when they receive the information. The information that is available to the pilots is inclusive of the engine and the navigation instruments along with the communication that takes place between the pilots and the air traffic control room. The accuracy with respect to situational awareness depends on the perception of the pilots when compared to the reality of the surrounding environment. If the awareness is less accurate it may lead to complexities within the perception, which may cause hindrances in the processing of the information (Rowley Bryant, 2017). Decision making Most of the accidents that take place in the aviation industry is dependent on the decisions that are taken by the pilots at the particular time of emergency. The approaches that help in making of the decision in an analytic manner needs to be based on the range of options that are provided to the pilots, which helps them in comparing and evaluating the evidences based on the course of action that is of optimal manner (Wagner et al., 2015). The analytical strategies that are taken up the pilots lack the flexibilities, which is required for the work to be done in an appropriate manner. The intuitive strategies that are taken up by the pilots creates degradation when they are under stress, as the long term memory of the pilots may be hampered due to the factors of stress (Stokes Kite, 2017). The pilots of the Asiana flight 214 were not able to make better decisions due to the factor of stress that was in their minds when the flight went off the path. Eight seconds before the flight wa s going to cause an accident, it was revealed that the pilots had increased the speed to 112 knots when it was just 125 feet above the ground. When the flight was three seconds before it was going to take the impact, the power of the engine was at 50 percent and kept on increasing. This showed that the pilots, despite being experienced of more than 9000 hours in flying were not able to communicate the decisions with the control room in an efficient manner. This led to the crashing of the plane (Archer, 2015). Stress It is the reaction that is initiated within the humans whenever a situation arises, which can pose a threat to the intensity level of the operations. The psychological factor is that the stimulus affects the human on a negative manner based on the incident that is taking place in front of the individual. The stresses in the aviation industry can be caused due to various factors such as the environment stress factor, which causes stress to the pilot due to the physical exhaustion of their bodies (Stokes Kite, 2017). The pilots are exposed to constant physical stresses within the cockpit such as the noise from the communication with the radio and the different alarms that may start to warn the pilots about the dangers that may be ahead. Apart from these, the noise of the engines and the lighting conditions may be the cause for the stress among the pilots. The pilots of the Asiana Flight 214 were constantly communicating with the personnel of the air traffic control room, which caused problems for them. The pilots were disturbed with the constant noise that was coming from the radio, which raised their stress level that resulted in the accident (Wagner et al., 2015). When only 1.5 seconds were left for the flight to have an impact on the ground, the pilots did not make any distress calls to the air traffic control room so that the landing could be aborted. Instead, it was heard that the pilots out of fear and stress took their own decision of going around, which proved to be a costly mistake by the pilot, as they did not have much time. Communication The communication has to be effective in nature within the environment of aviation, as it is concerned with the safety of the plane and its passengers. The errors in the communication may lead to the risk of the pilots along with the passengers, as it may cause to the accident of the plane. One of the most risky situations is when there is a gap in the communication between the pilots and the air traffic control room (Archer, 2015). Themismanagement and the confusion among the pilots had led to the crash of the Asiana flight 214 over the factor of maintenance of speed by the pilots of the airliner. There was a gap in the communication network between the pilots, which led to the overall accident of the airline. The performance of the pilots was based on lousy communication within the control systems that were automatic within the airplane, which led to the opportunity for the errors. The pilots of the plane had one of the best experiences in flying hours and had a good record concerning the safety of the flights. The miscommunication between them led to the creation of confusion, which resulted in the breakdown of the plane (Moller Vakilzadian, 2014). Teamwork Teamwork has to be present between the pilots and the controllers so that it can help the airline to be guided in an effective manner when it is in air. The team in an aviation sector is inclusive of the functions that are present in controlling the traffic of the air along with the cooperation among the pilots so that the flight can be guided safely. The functions of the team in controlling the air traffic are of two kinds. The first one is known as transitory, which is inclusive of the pattern of interaction between the aircraft and its controller and the second one is relative that is the functions of the controller are in the same sector and within the same shift timings. The team has to be of different compositions so that it can help in influence the processes of the group along with the outcomes that are based on the performances of the group (Lee, 2013). The Asiana flight 214 lacked the teamwork between the pilots, which led to the disastrous result for the airplane. The pilots did not work as a team, which resulted in a miscommunication with the air traffic control as well. This was seen when the plane was just 1.5 seconds from being impacted on the ground, when the pilots had a conversation about turning the plane around. This could have been avoided if the pilots in the flight could have communicated in a proper manner (Brown, Tompson Zipperer, 2016). Crew resource management The Crew Resource Management (CRM) uses the resources that are available in an effective manner, which helps the personnel of the flight crew to have a safe and efficient experience in flying the airplane. The development of the CRM has been done, as it will help in providing better views to the accidents that have been caused by the airplanes by keeping a record of the cockpit voice and the data of the flight. The information that is gathered from this recordings helps the analysts in investigating the nature and the cause of the accident, which can vary from malfunctioning of the technical parts to the level of mishandling the knowledge that the crews had in the airplane. The Asiana flight also had the same thing where the analysts found from the recorders that the flight was in an unstable condition before landing the San Francisco airport in the US. Swiss cheese model This model is based on the unsafe acts that are committed by the members of the aircrew and are generally of two kinds such as errors and violations. The errors are defined as the physical or the mental activities that fails the individuals in achieving the desired outcomes. These errors are basically of three types, which are based on skills, decisions and perpetual in nature respectively (Stein Heiss, 2015). It can be seen that the errors that are caused by the aircrew members are mostly common during the period when the mishap takes place. The other type is known as violations, which is the ignorance of the rules, which does not occur frequently. The violations are also of two types, which are known as exceptional and routine (Tong, Chau Wong, 2015). The Asiana flight 214, which crashed was due to the result of the physical and mental error of the pilots. The pilots did not communicate in a proper manner between them and with the air traffic control as well in an efficient manner, which led to the fatal crash. Additionally, it can also be said that the knowledge and skills of the pilots regarding the features of the airplane were not known in a proper manner, which led to the mishandling of the control systems. Recommendations Thus, it can be recommended that the pilots of the aircraft had to be given a better training program so that it could have helped them in increasing their knowledge, which would have helped them in avoiding the crash. The pilots needed to have a proper knowledge of the control system s that was present in the aircraft, which could have helped in avoiding the crash. The communication network with the air traffic control room had to be improved in a proper manner so that it could have helped them in flying the aircraft in a safely manner. References Archer, S. K. (2015). Gender, Communication, and Aviation Incidents/Accidents.Journal of Media Critiques [JMC],1(2). Brown, J., Tompson, S., Zipperer, L. (2016). Aviation Contexts and EIK Innovation: Reliability, Teamwork and Sensemaking.Patient Safety: Perspectives on Evidence, Information and Knowledge Transfer, 129. Davies, J. M., Delaney, G. (2017). Can the aviation industry be useful in teaching oncology about safety?.Clinical Oncology. Flin, R., Maran, N. (2015). Basic concepts for crew resource management and non-technical skills.Best Practice Research Clinical Anaesthesiology,29(1), 27-39. Henriksen, L. F., Ponte, S. (2017). Public orchestration, social networks, and transnational environmental governance: Lessons from the aviation industry.Regulation Governance. Hughes, K. M., Benenson, R. S., Krichten, A. E., Clancy, K. D., Ryan, J. P., Hammond, C. (2014). A crew resource management program tailored to trauma resuscitation improves team behavior and communication.Journal of the American College of Surgeons,219(3), 545-551. Jensen, R. S. (2017).Pilot judgment and crew resource management. Routledge. Lee, K. S. (2013).Thesis writing: Multilevel analysis on teamwork in aviation trainings(Doctoral dissertation, Middle Tennessee State University). Moller, D. P., Vakilzadian, H. (2014, June). Wireless communication in aviation through the Internet of Things and RFID. InElectro/Information Technology (EIT), 2014 IEEE International Conference on(pp. 602-607). IEEE. Prince, C., Prince, A., Salas, E. (2017). 30 Improving LOS crew resource management.Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics: Volume Five-Aerospace and Transportation Systems, 261. Rowley, C., Bryant, M. R. (2017). Crew Resource Management in Helicopter Air Ambulance Operations: A Literature Review. Schwartz, M. D., Hobbs, C. W. H. (2014). Teaching aviation crew resource management in a pharmacy curriculum.American journal of pharmaceutical education,78(3), 66. Stein, J. E., Heiss, K. (2015, December). The Swiss cheese model of adverse event occurrenceClosing the holes. InSeminars in pediatric surgery(Vol. 24, No. 6, pp. 278-282). WB Saunders. Stokes, A. F., Kite, K. (2017).Flight stress: Stress, fatigue and performance in aviation. Routledge. Tong, P. C., Chau, H. T., Wong, T. T. (2015). A shelf-swiss cheese model for aviation safety. Wagner, M., Sahar, Y., Elbaum, T., Botzer, A., Berliner, E. (2015). Grip Force as a Measure of Stress in Aviation.The International Journal of Aviation Psychology,25(3-4), 157-170.